The Atomic Human

Understanding Ourselves in the Age of AI

Neil D. Lawrence

Banca d’Italia Seminar, Palazzo Koch, Via Nazionale 91, Roma

Artificial General Vehicle

Artificial General Vehicle

Philosopher’s Stone

The Attention Economy

  • Human intelligence is locked-in
  • This makes it a bottleneck

Herbert Simon on Information

What information consumes is rather obvious: it consumes the attention of its recipients. Hence a wealth of information creates a poverty of attention …

Simon (1971)

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Human Capital Index

  • World Bank Human Capital Index 2020
  • Measures health and education

Ranking

  • UK 0.78 11th globally
  • Italy 0.73 30th globally
  • US 0.70 35th globally
  • China 0.65 45th globally

Productivity Flywheel

Inflation of Human Capital

  • Strength in Human Capital double-edged sword.
  • Automation creates efficiency.
  • But skills risk becoming redundant.

Inflation Proof Human Capital

  • Does automation totally displace the human?
  • Or is there an irreducible core?

Uncertainty Principle

  • Machines rely on measurable outputs
    • Quantified aspects of humans easier to automate
    • Essential aspects of humanity are the hardest to measure
  • Implies: atomic human is difficult to quantify

Homo Atomicus

  • Where we have homo economicus the machine can step in.
  • Quantitative vs Qualitative gap
  • Homo atomicus is …
    • Not in A-level results
    • Not in hospital waiting lists
    • In the quality of human interaction

New Productivity Paradox

  • Current productivity flywheel relies on measurement to translate innovation into productivity.
  • Without measurement how does the wheel spin?

Supply Chain of Ideas

  • Ideas flow from creation to application like physical supply chains
  • Parallels with traditional economic supply chain management
  • Particularly relevant for IT and AI solutions

Supply Chain of Ideas

  • Current imbalance between supply and demand sides
    • Mismatch between macroeconomic interventions and microeconomic need
  • Over-Focus on solutionism
    • technologies/companies
  • Under-focus on real-world needs … disconnect between government and citizens … disconnect between companies and customers

Supply Chain of Ideas

  • Need to map idea problems demand to idea supply
  • Need to understand … problems (demand) … current “stock” of solutions (supply)
  • Requires active management of idea resources
  • Shape supply to meet demand

AI cannot replace atomic human

Attention Reinvestment Cycle

Cromford

Distretti Industriali

  • 18th Century Emilia Romagna: Silk, Paper
  • The Black Country
  • Exhibit: Strength in Community Strength in Diversity Poor economies of scale
  • Requires: Strength in Europe

Wicked Problems

Example: Cambridge Approach

ai@cam

How ai@cam is Addressing Innovation Challenges

  • A-Ideas (across 20 departments)
  • Policy lab (with Bennett, Minderoo)
  • HPC Pioneer projects (with RCS, C2D3)
  • Accelerate programme (Schmidt Sciences funded)

Innovation Economy Conclusion

  • Interact directly with micro-demand
  • Release quality attention
  • Reinvest human capital in more innovation

Thanks!

References

Lawrence, N.D., 2024. The atomic human: Understanding ourselves in the age of AI. Allen Lane.
Simon, H.A., 1971. Designing organizations for an information-rich world. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD.